Ngalaba Njikwa Moto nke Ụgbọala Eletriki nke PUMBAA (MCU) PMC20A

(1) Ọrụ mgbanwe ike. Ghọta mgbake ike brek iji melite oke ụgbọ ala;

(2) Ọrụ mmezu nke torque. Onye njikwa ahụ na-eziga ụkpụrụ torque na-adịghị mma na njikwa moto iji belata mmefu ike;

(3) Ọrụ mwepụta na-arụ ọrụ. Ike mwepụta nke capacitor nwere ikike buru ibu ruo ogologo oge ga-enwe ihe egwu nchekwa voltaji dị elu;

(4) Ọrụ nchekwa nchekwa. Sistemụ moto nwere nchọpụta nsogbu, ncheta mmebi, njikwa mmebi na ọrụ nchekwa nchekwa ndị ọzọ;

(5) Ọrụ nkwukọrịta netwọk CAN dị elu. Mmezu nke ngalaba njikwa moto eletriki na atụmatụ ọrụ ụgbọ ala dum nke ọma, na-achịkwa ọrụ nchekwa na ntụkwasị obi nke sistemụ moto iji hụ na ọrụ ụgbọ ala ahụ dị nchebe.

N'ime ụgbọala ike ọhụrụ (NEVs), Ngalaba Njikwa Moto (MCU), nke a makwaara dị ka "inverter" ma ọ bụ "usoro njikwa eletriki," bụ otu n'ime "ihe atọ dị mkpa" (batrị, moto, na sistemụ njikwa eletriki). Arụmọrụ ya na-ekpebi ahụmịhe ịnya ụgbọala, oriri ike, na ntụkwasị obi. Ọrụ mbụ nke MCU bụ ịtụgharị mmepụta voltaji dị elu (DC) site na batrị ike gaa na ọkụ eletrik atọ (AC) nke moto draịva chọrọ. Ọ na-agbanwekwa ọsọ na ike moto dabere na iwu sitere na Ngalaba Njikwa Ụgbọala (VCU), si otú a na-achịkwa ọsọ, mbelata, na ọrụ ọsọ ọsọ nke ụgbọala ahụ. Enwere ike kewaa ụkpụrụ ọrụ ya n'ime usoro isi anọ: "nnabata mgbaàmà - mgbanwe ike - ịnya ụgbọala - nzaghachi ọnọdụ."

1. Nnabata Mgbaàmà: Ịnata Iwu Njikwa Ụgbọala

N'oge ọrụ ụgbọala, a na-ebu ụzọ ebufe ntinye ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọnọdụ pedal accelerator) na VCU. VCU na-agbakọ torque/ọsọ ebumnuche nke moto ahụ chọrọ dabere na paramita dịka imepe pedal accelerator, ọsọ ụgbọala, ọnọdụ chajị batrị (SOC), na ọnọdụ gia. Ọ na-eziga iwu a na MCU site na bọs Controller Area Network (CAN).

2. Mgbanwe Ike: Ịtụgharị DC ka ọ bụrụ AC

Batrị ike ahụ na-ewepụta DC nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ukwuu (nke na-abụkarị 300V–800V), ebe moto draịva NEV (moto ndị na-adịgide adịgide nke magnet synchronous) chọrọ AC nke usoro atọ iji rụọ ọrụ. A na-eme mgbanwe a site na "sekit inverter" nke MCU, nke lekwasịrị anya na "sekit inverter nke usoro atọ" nke mejupụtara IGBT isii (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) - abụọ kwa usoro (aka akwa elu na ala). IGBT ọ bụla na-arụ ọrụ dị ka "mgbanwe a na-achịkwa." Isi mgbawa njikwa nke MCU na-ewepụta akara PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) iji chịkwaa oge mgbanyụ/mgbanyụ na usoro ọrụ nke IGBT isii ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịgbanye ogwe aka akwa elu IGBT nke Phase A mgbe ị na-agbanyụ ogwe aka akwa ala, ma gbanye ogwe aka akwa ala IGBT nke Phase B mgbe ị na-agbanyụ ogwe aka akwa elu, na-emepụta okirikiri dị ugbu a n'etiti Phase A na B. Site na ijikwa usoro nhazi nke IGBT na Phase A, B, na C, MCU na-emepụta AC nkebi atọ a na-agbanwe agbanwe (na-ekpebi ugboro ugboro ọsọ moto na oke nha na-ekpebi ike).

(MCU)

3. Ịkwọ ụgbọala n'ime moto: Ọrụ moto AC na-enye ike

AC nke usoro atọ nke sekit inverter na-emepụta na-abanye ozugbo na windings stator nke moto draịva. Ọkụ eletrik nke na-agafe na windings stator na-emepụta ubi magnet na-agbagharị agbagharị, nke na-eme ka rotor na-agbagharị n'okpuru ike electromagnetic. Nke a na-agbanwe ike eletriki ka ọ bụrụ ike mekaniki, nke a na-ebuga na wiil site na reducer na shaft draịva, na-emesịa na-akpali ụgbọala ahụ.

4. Nzaghachi Ọnọdụ: Njikwa Emechiri Emechi na Nchedo Nchekwa

MCU anaghị "enye iwu otu ugboro" naanị; ọ na-eji usoro njikwa mechiri emechi nke "nchịkọta data sensọ → mgbanwe nzaghachi" iji hụ na moto ahụ na-arụ ọrụ dịka ebumnuche ya si dị ma na-egbochi mmejọ. Ihe mmetụta dị ugbu a na-anakọta ọkụ oge-oge, ihe mmetụta voltaji na-enyocha voltaji bọs, ihe mmetụta okpomọkụ na-esochikwa okpomọkụ IGBT na moto. Isi ihe njikwa na-atụnyere "ugbu a/ọsọ n'ezie" na "ugbu a/ọsọ ebumnuche." Ọ bụrụ na mgbanwe emee, ọ na-agbanwe akara PWM nke IGBTs n'oge-oge iji dozie paramita mmepụta AC, na-eme ka ike na ọsọ kwụsie ike. Ọ bụrụ na achọpụta akara ndị na-adịghị mma (dịka ọmụmaatụ, oke ọkụ, oke okpomọkụ IGBTs), MCU na-akpali usoro nchebe dịka ibelata ike mmepụta, ibelata mmepụta IGBT, ma ọ bụ ịkọ akụkọ mmejọ nye VCU, na-egbochi mmebi na moto ma ọ bụ MCU na ijide n'aka na nchekwa ịnya ụgbọala.

(MCU)

Mmechi

NEV MCU bụ sistemụ dị elu nke na-ejikọta ngwa eletrọniki ike, obere eletrọniki, ozizi njikwa, na teknụzụ njikwa okpomọkụ. Dịka onye na-agbanwe agbanwe nwere ọgụgụ isi, ọ na-eji algọridim mechiri emechi nke vektọ na-achịkwa iji chịkwaa mgbanwe nke semiconductors ike (IGBTs/SiCs), na-agbanwe batrị DC ka ọ bụrụ AC a na-achịkwa iji kwọọ moto ahụ ma na-eme ka mgbake ike dị irè. Mmepe ngwa ngwa na teknụzụ MCU - dịka mgbanwe site na IGBTs gaa na ihe SiC dị elu - enyerela NEV nke oge a aka inweta arụmọrụ ngwa ngwa pụrụ iche, ahụmịhe ịnya ụgbọ ala dị nro, na oke agbatị.